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Cholesterol Articles & Analysis: Older
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When you hear the word "sterol," your mind probably jumps to one famous, and often misunderstood, molecule: cholesterol. We’re constantly bombarded with messages about "good" and "bad" cholesterol, and its impact on our cardiovascular health. But what if I told you that cholesterol is just one member of a vast and vital family of molecules called sterol lipids? This diverse group is ...
Lipids, often simply thought of as fats, play a far more complex and vital role in our bodies than just energy storage. They are fundamental building blocks for cell membranes, crucial for nutrient absorption, and, significantly, the precursors to a powerful class of signaling molecules: steroid hormones. Understanding the deep connection between Lipid Metabolism and these hormones, along with ...
Cell culture is one of the major technologies in the life sciences. It is a general term used to remove cells, tissues or organs from animals or plants and place them in an artificial environment conducive to their survival and/or proliferation. The basic environmental requirements for optimal cell growth are: controlled temperature, substrate for cell attachment, appropriate growth medium and ...
IntroductionNatural lipids, also known as healthy fats, play a crucial role in maintaining our overall health and well-being. These essential components are found in various foods and have been extensively studied for their numerous benefits. In this article, we will delve into the world of natural lipids, exploring their importance, sources, and the positive impact they have on our bodies. What ...
ByMatexcel
Cellular metabolism is the general term for the ordered series of chemical reactions that occur within cells to sustain life. These reactive processes allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structure, and respond to the external environment. Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, which breaks down large molecules for energy (e.g., cellular respiration), ...
Bile, a complex fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats, fat-soluble vitamins, and other essential nutrients. Ox bile extract powder, derived from the bile of oxen, is a natural supplement that has garnered significant interest in the scientific and healthcare communities for its versatile physiological functions and ...
Lipids are the basic substances that make up biological membranes. Through lipid-lipid interactions and interactions between lipids and other biomolecules, a complex network of lipid metabolism is formed, which is involved in a large number of life activities. By studying lipid extracts, information about the lipidome can be obtained. Lipidomics studies lipids in organisms at a systematic level, ...
Trillions of microorganisms live in the gastrointestinal tract, far outnumbering the body's own cells. The intestinal flora is involved in many physiological and pathological processes in the host, including digestion and absorption of food, metabolism of certain nutrients and pharmaceutical compounds, development of host immunity, intestinal inflammatory states, and more. Dysbiosis of the ...
The COVID-19 pandemic has killed millions of people. Vaccines certainly are the most outstanding ways to prevent major diseases and death, though they haven't eliminated infections. At present, the most effective vaccine is the mRNA vaccine developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna. Before that, mRNA technology stopped in the lab phase. How to apply mRNA technology to more complex diseases in the ...
In the realm of biological sciences, bile acids stand as pivotal molecules, playing a multifaceted role in various physiological processes within organisms. Bile acids are specialized molecules synthesized from cholesterol within the liver. These amphipathic compounds possess a hydrophilic region (carboxylic acid moiety) and a hydrophobic region (steroid backbone). Their distinctive structure ...
What are Antimicrobial Peptides? Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally occurring peptide molecules found in various organisms, including humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms. These peptides play a crucial role in the innate immune system's defense against microbial infections, exhibiting antimicrobial properties that can inhibit the growth or kill bacteria, fungi, viruses, and even ...
siRNA, with a molecular weight of about 13 kDa, recruits the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to mRNA through base pairing, thereby inhibiting protein translation. The mRNA is targeted for cleavage through the catalysis of the RISC protein Ago2, a member of the Argonaute family. In addition, other Ago proteins (Ago1, Ago3, and Ago4) catalyze endonuclease-mediated degradation of non-specific ...
Nano-vesicles, also known as liposomes, have emerged as promising drug delivery systems due to their unique structure and properties. These tiny spherical lipid bilayers can encapsulate various therapeutic agents, including protein drugs. In this article, we will explore the process of preparing nano-vesicles for encapsulating protein drugs, as well as the advantages of utilizing this innovative ...
The FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) regulatory approval of a total of 26 NME (New Molecular Entity) drugs in the first half of 2023. It is worth noting that the 26 drugs approved include 4 peptide drugs, accounting for 15% of the total. In the past 2022, the FDA has approved only three peptide drugs: Tirzepatide, Lutetium 177Lu Vipivotide Tetraxetan and Terlipressin, of which ...
Introduction: Ox bile extract powder, derived from ox bile, is a natural product with a wide range of applications. It contains essential components such as bile acids, cholesterol, bilirubin, and fatty acids. Through meticulous preparation processes, it is transformed into a powdered form, enhancing its stability and convenience. Ox bile extract powder exhibits diverse applications in the fields ...
1 Active ingredients of plant extract 1.1 Alkaloid Alkaloid, or plant alkaloid, is a alkaline nitrogen-containing organic compound and it is an active ingredient in Chinese herbal medicine. It is colorless and odorless and generally insoluble in water. 1.2 Flavonoid Flavonoid is widely found in various parts of plants, especially flowers and leaves. It has a variety of biological activities ...
Heart failure affects about 6.2 million Americans and is rising in prevalence. With half of these cases presenting as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), it’s essential for both the medical community and the population at large to have a better understanding of its pathology. [1,2] Knowing the differences between HFpEF and its counterpart, heart failure with reduced ...
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a glycoprotein synthesized and secreted by parenchymal cells such as adipocytes, cardiomyocytes, skeletal muscle cells, mammary cells, and macrophages, with a molecular weight of 60ku and containing 3-8% carbohydrates. The physiological function of LPL is to catalyze the breakdown of TG in the core of CM and VLDL into fatty acids and monoglycerides for tissue oxidative ...
Sources of Fat Fat, also known as triglyceride, is made by condensing one molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids. The source of fatty acids in the body: one is the body's own synthesis, and the other is the food supply. Some unsaturated fatty acids cannot be synthesized by the body and depend on food supply, called essential fatty acids. There are mainly two kinds, one is the ω-3 series ...
What is Bile Acid? Bile acids are the main components of bile and are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol through a series of enzymatic reactions. Bile acids can be divided into free bile acids and conjugated bile acids according to their structures. Free bile acids include bile acids, goose deoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid and lithophanic acid. The above free bile acids are combined ...