Inflammatory Mediator Articles & Analysis: Older
10 articles found
Cytokines are a broad class of tiny proteins that are essential for controlling inflammation and immunological responses. Numerous cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immunological cells, and epithelial cells, produce these signaling molecules. Serving as intermediaries, they synchronize various cell functions to elicit the body's defense mechanisms against infections, tissue ...
Autoimmune disease target - IL-17 Family IL-17 plays an important role in promoting autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Currently, five large-molecule biopharmaceuticals targeting IL-17/IL-17R are available worldwide, including four IL-17 monoclonal antibodies and one IL-17RA monoclonal antibody, namely Secukinumab(Novartis), Ixekizumab(Eli ...
Introduction to IL-36 Family Twenty years ago, Interleukin 36 (IL-36) was discovered as a member of the IL-1 superfamily. Its gene is located on chromosome 2 in an IL gene cluster, including IL1A - IL1B - IL37 - IL36G - IL36A - IL36B - IL36RN - IL38 - IL1RN, with IL-36 encoding genes transcribed far away from the centromere. There are four known subtypes of IL-36, which have been renamed multiple ...
Silence Therapeutics, a pioneer in the development of novel small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics, and Mallinckrodt plc, a global biopharmaceutical company, announced the submission of a clinical trial application (CTA) for SLN501, a siRNA therapy targeting the complement C3 protein, on March 23, 2022. Silence will receive a $3 million milestone payment from Mallinckrodt as a result of the ...
Biliary disease is a term used to describe diseases that affect the biliary system, which can result in inflammation, fibrosis, bile duct destruction, and eventually liver failure. It also frequently leads to secondary infections and chronic irritation, such as bile duct stones, which can lead to malignant tumors. There is currently no cure for biliary tract diseases other than liver ...
Immunotherapy, in addition to surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, has now become the fourth pillar of anticancer treatment, with T cell-based immunotherapy being a successful cancer treatment technique. T cells can be separated into two subpopulations based on the expression of T-cell receptors (TCRs). αβ T cells, expressing expressing αβ TCR, recognize peptide antigens, such as those ...
Intestinal inflammatory diseases are highly complex, which has thus far prevented development of an effective in vitro disease model. With access to a donor-derived cell biobank and the ability to recapitulate region-specific environments of the intestine, Altis Biosystems is working toward the development of an in vitro RepliGut® model to accurately recapitulate the complex intestinal ...
Abstract Fibronectin in the vascular wall promotes inflammatory activation of the endothelium during vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis. These effects are mediated in part by fibronectin binding to integrin α5, which recruits and activates phosphodiesterase 4D5 (PDE4D5) by inducing its dephosphorylation on an inhibitory site, S651. Active PDE then hydrolyzes antiinflammatory cAMP to ...
Abstract Protease proprotein convertase subtilisin-like kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is an important target for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. PCSK9 is synthesized as a zymogen that undergoes autocatalytic processing and secretion. Secreted PCSK9 binds to the LDL-receptor (LDLR) and chaperones it to the degradation pathway. Several pharmaceutical companies have developed injectable mAb PCSK9 ...
Obesity has been accepted as a risk factor for diabetes but results of four recently published studies have now revealed that insecticides in fat of patients may be the real risk factor. The initial investigations showed that the expected association between obesity and diabetes/insulin resistance was absent in people who had low levels of organochlorine insecticides in their blood (1, 2). ...