Stress On Adaptive Response Articles & Analysis: Older
30 articles found
Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification process that involves various biological processes, including signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, cell stress responses, and cell apoptosis. It plays a crucial role in maintaining protein homeostasis, regulating various biological reactions in cells, and ensuring the normal physiological functions of organisms. Immunoprecipitation is a ...
By cleaving RNA molecules, RNases are integral to numerous biological processes, ranging from RNA maturation to the innate immune response against RNA viruses. In this exploration, we delve into the multifaceted nature of ribonucleases, examining their structure, function, and potential in biotechnology. ...
Histone SUMOylation is a post-translational modification that involves the covalent linking of the SUMO protein to the lysine residues of histones. This process requires the participation of a series of enzymes, including E1 activating enzyme, E2 conjugating enzyme and E3 ligase. SUMOylation plays a key role in gene expression regulation, DNA repair, RNA processing and nuclear transport in the ...
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are crucial for protein structure regulation, playing key roles in gene expression regulation, DNA repair, cell signaling, and more. These PTMs of histones can be achieved by adding or removing different chemical groups or proteins, thus affecting chromatin structure and function. Here are some common types of histone PTMs. 1. Acetylation The ...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules of 18 ~ 24 nucleotide (nt) in length. MiRNAs have been found in many species including plants, animals and some viruses. The conventional biosynthesis pathway consists of four steps: 1) miRNA genes are transcribed by RNA Polymerase II or III to produce pri-miRNAs, 2) pri-miRNAs are recognized and cleaved by ...
Drug Discovery and Development: DGE analysis facilitates the identification of genes responsive to specific drug treatments. By unraveling the molecular mechanisms underpinning drug response, we can optimize treatment strategies, expedite drug discovery, and develop personalized therapies tailored to individual patients. ...
By unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying drug response, we can optimize treatment strategies, expedite drug discovery, and develop personalized therapies tailored to individual patients. ...
Since the 19th century, the practice of tissue processing has remained largely unchanged, resulting in solidified, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks for sectioning. As staining procedures have advanced and immunohistochemistry is becoming more widely used, high-quality tissue sections are paramount for accurate interpretation of disease ...
Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an intracellular enzyme that catalyzes diamine in mucosal or ciliated epithelial cells of the mammalian small intestine. It protects the intestinal mucosa by regulating intracellular ion homeostasis, influencing conduction pathways, and promoting cellular repair. Serum DAO is elevated in small intestinal mucosal barrier failure or in intestinal mucosal cell necrosis; ...
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with bilayer membranes. Mitochondria have multiple functions, not only providing energy to cells through oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP, but also involved in regulating processes such as calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cellular stress response and cell death. Mitochondria play a key role in maintaining cellular health ...
It is an efficient way to regulate molecular function by applying specific chemical modifications on biological molecules. This article highlights the current heated pseudoUridine modification in RNA, which suggests new possibilities for novel drug or vaccine discovery. An Introduction to PseudoUridines PseudoUridine (Ψ) is a post-transcriptional RNA modification that alters RNA-RNA and ...
"Abstinence from alcohol activates the stress system in the brain, which leads to recurrence, and in this study, we linked this stress response to CSF1 (a neuroimmune mediator), providing new opportunities for therapeutic intervention," said senior author Marissa Roberto, PhD, professor in the Department of Molecular Medicine at the Scripps ...
This is someone whose body is having a massive stress response 24/7.” According to Sapolsky, this stress response is due to, among other things, stress hormones – specifically, a hormone called glucocorticoids, commonly understood as “cortisol”. The stress ...
Lipids are a class of metabolites with diverse chemical structures. More than just components of cell membranes and energy storage substances, lipids can perform a variety of important biological functions in life activities. The structural diversity of lipids endows them with a variety of important biological functions: (1) they constitute an important component of the cell membrane. Many ...
Changes in tissue transcriptomes and productivity of Arabidopsis thaliana were investigated during exposure of plants to two widely used engineered metal oxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide (nano‐titanium) and cerium dioxide (nano‐cerium). Microarray analyses confirmed that exposure to either nanoparticle altered the transcriptomes of rosette leaves and roots, with comparatively larger ...
As a representative species of nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans is an attractive animal model for evaluating ecotoxicological effects and intrinsic mechanisms of stress response in vivo. To acquire a better knowledge of environmental effects of bisphenol A (BPA), ecotoxicological evaluations were conducted using C. elegans upon the physiological (growth, locomotion behaviors, and ...
Tobacco can easily accumulate certain heavy metals in leaves and thus poses a potential threat to human health. To systematically dissect Cr-responsive miRNAs and their targets at the global level, four small RNA libraries were constructed from the roots of Cr-treated (Cr) and Cr-free (control) two contrasting tobacco genotypes,Yunyan2 (Cr-sensitive) and Guiyan1 (Cr-tolerant). Using ...
Arsenic, a natural element of ecological relevance, is found in natural water sources throughout Argentina in concentrations between 0.01 and 15 mg/L. The autochthonous toad Rhinella arenarum was selected to study the acute toxicity of As and the biochemical responses elicited by the exposure to As in water during its embryonic development. The LC50 value averaged 24.3 mg/L As and remained ...
Ammonia toxicity has been becoming a universal problem for aquatic animals, especially for fish. The purpose of the present study was to assess the chronic toxicity of ammonia on the juvenile bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis. The authors measured the responses of growth performance (specific growth rate, condition factor, body weight and body length), oxidative stress, and related genes ...
Mercury can disrupt the endocrine systems of mammals and fish, but little is known about its effects on avian hormones. We employed an experimental manipulation to show that methylmercury suppresses the stress‐induced corticosterone response in birds, an effect previously unreported in the literature. Corticosterone regulates many normal metabolic processes, such as the maintenance of proper ...