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Angiotensin II human

MCE China：Angiotensin II human

Brand：MedChemExpress (MCE)

Cat. No.HY-13948

CAS：4474-91-3

Synonyms：Angiotensin II; Ang II; DRVYIHPF

Purity：99.98%

Storage：Sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen Powder -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen)

Shipping：Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Description：Angiotensin II (Angiotensin II) is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway.

In Vitro：Most of the known actions of Angiotensin II (Ang II) are mediated by AT1 receptors, the AT2 receptor contributes to the regulation of blood pressure and renal function[1]. Angiotensin II raises blood pressure (BP) by a number of actions, the most important ones being vasoconstriction, sympathetic nervous stimulation, increased aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Other Angiotensin II actions include induction of growth, cell migration, and mitosis of vascular smooth muscle cells, increased synthesis of collagen type I and III in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. These actions are mediated by type 1 Ang II receptors (AT1)[2]. Angiotensin II (1 nM) induces the expression of LOX-1 and VEGF and enhances capillary formation from human coronary endothelial cells in Matrigel assay. Angiotensin II -mediated expression of LOX-1 and VEGF, capillary formation, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, and phosphorylation of p38 as well as p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases, are suppressed by anti-LOX-1 antibody, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor apocynin and the Ang II type 1 receptor blocker Losartan, but not by the Ang II type 2 receptor blocker PD123319[3].

In Vivo：Angiotensin II human can be used to induce models of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy[7][8][9]. .f12{ font-size: 12px; } .fwb{ font-weight: bold; } .lh22{ line-height: 22px;; } .lh23 { line-height: 23px; } .pl13{ padding-left: 13px;; } .part { margin-top: 18px; } .mold-first-tit { width: 100%; height: 44px; line-height: 44px; background: #F9F7FB; border-bottom: 1px solid #EBE4F6; padding-left: 16px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 17px; } .mold-second-tit:before { content:""; width: 6px; height: 6px; display: inline-block; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,102,0,0.4); margin-right: 12px; position: relative; top: -3px; } .lft-border { border-left: 1px dotted #EBE4F6; padding-right: 12px; margin-left: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 12px; } /* .part .dec:last-child { border-bottom: 0; } */ .dec { margin: 10px 15px 0; padding-bottom: 10px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .btm-border { border-left: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .text-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFBF1; padding: 14px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFDF7; padding: 12px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note { width: 51px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; background: #FFE2AA; text-align: center; border-radius: 0 0 8px 0; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } .text-note-dec { margin-top: 15px;; } 1. Induction of hypertension[7] Background Angiotensin II human induces hypertension by activating AT1 receptors, leading to vasoconstriction, sodium and water retention, sympathetic nervous system activation, and oxidative stress. Specific Mmodeling Methods Mice: C57/BL6J • male and female • 12-16 wk old • 21-27 gAdministration: 800 ng/kg/min, 0.003 mL/min • 7 days • sc, osmotic pump implanted subcutaneously Note Effect of gender: Chronic ANG II-induced hypertension differs by gender in awake mice. Female mice may be protected from the ANG II-induced increase in blood pressure. Modeling Indicators Key Factor: Blood pressure ↑ on day 7, blood pressure in male was greater than in female. Correlated Product(s): / Opposite Product(s): / .f12{ font-size: 12px; } .fwb{ font-weight: bold; } .lh22{ line-height: 22px;; } .lh23 { line-height: 23px; } .pl13{ padding-left: 13px;; } .part { margin-top: 18px; } .mold-first-tit { width: 100%; height: 44px; line-height: 44px; background: #F9F7FB; border-bottom: 1px solid #EBE4F6; padding-left: 16px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 17px; } .mold-second-tit:before { content:""; width: 6px; height: 6px; display: inline-block; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,102,0,0.4); margin-right: 12px; position: relative; top: -3px; } .lft-border { border-left: 1px dotted #EBE4F6; padding-right: 12px; margin-left: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 12px; } /* .part .dec:last-child { border-bottom: 0; } */ .dec { margin: 10px 15px 0; padding-bottom: 10px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .btm-border { border-left: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .text-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFBF1; padding: 14px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFDF7; padding: 12px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note { width: 51px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; background: #FFE2AA; text-align: center; border-radius: 0 0 8px 0; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } .text-note-dec { margin-top: 15px;; } 2. Induction of Cardiac Hypertrophy[8][9] Background Angiotensin II human induces cardiac hypertrophy by activating the AT1 receptor, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix remodeling, which cause myocardial cell proliferation and hypertrophy. Specific Mmodeling Methods Mice: C57/BL6J • male • 8 wk old &bullAdministration: 2 μg/kg/min • 4 weeks • sc, osmotic pump implanted subcutaneously Note Modeling Indicators Indicator changes: Blood pressure in WT mice increased significantly.Appearance monitoring: cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Correlated Product(s): / Opposite Product(s): Eplerenone (HY-B0251)

Animal Administration：Mice[3](129×C57BL/6) F1 mice lacking AT1A receptors for Angiotensin II are used. The mice are fed 10 gm/day gelled 0.25% NaCl diet that contains all nutrients and water. After 1 week of baseline collections, the animals are implanted with osmotic minipumps infusing Angiotensin II and are returned to the metabolic cage for 5 more days. Urinary sodium content is determined by using an IL943 Automatic Flame photometer. After 28 days of Angiotensin II infusion, hearts are harvested, weighed, fixed in formalin, sectioned, and stained with Masson trichrome. All of the tissues are examined by a pathologist (P.R.) without knowledge of genotypes.

IC50 & Target：AT2 Receptor AT1 Receptor

Sequence：Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe

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References：

[1]. de Gasparo M, et al. International union of pharmacology. XXIII. The angiotensin II receptors. Pharmacol Rev. 2000 Sep;52(3):415-72.  [Content Brief]

[2]. Fyhrquist F, et al. Role of angiotensin II in blood pressure regulation and in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders. J Hum Hypertens. 1995 Nov;9 Suppl 5:S19-24.  [Content Brief]

[3]. Hu C, et al. Angiotensin II induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway. Hypertension. 2007;50(5):952-957.  [Content Brief]

[4]. Nabah YN, et al. Angiotensin II induces neutrophil accumulation in vivo through generation and release of CXC chemokines. Circulation. 2004;110(23):3581-3586.  [Content Brief]

[5]. Crowley SD, et al. Angiotensin II causes hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy through its receptors in the kidney. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Nov 21;103(47):17985-90.  [Content Brief]