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Carbocisteine

MCE China：Carbocisteine

Brand：MedChemExpress (MCE)

Cat. No.HY-D0205A

CAS：638-23-3

Synonyms：Carbocysteine

Purity：98.0%

Storage：4°C, stored under nitrogen *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

Shipping：Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Description：Carbocisteine is an orally active mucolytic agent. Carbocisteine attenuates the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK1/2. Carbocisteine modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay. Carbocisteine inhibits Apoptosis. Carbocisteine is used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research.

In Vitro：Carbocisteine (10-1000 μM, 24 h) attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced inflammatory injury in A549 cells via NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways[4]. Carbocisteine (L-Carbocisteine, 10 μM, from 3 days before infection) shows inhibitory effects on type A seasonal influenza virus infection in human airway epithelial cells[5]. Carbocisteine (L-carbocisteine, 10 μM, 72 h) inhibits oxidant-induced apoptosis in cultured human airway epithelial cells[12]. Carbocisteine (10-1000 μM, 24 h) attenuates TNF-α-induced inflammation in human alveolar epithelial cells in vitro through suppressing NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways[13].

In Vivo：Carbocisteine (100 mg/kg, oral gavage, twice daily from 1 day before CS exposure until the end of the experiment) reduces virus-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice exposed to cigarette smoke[2].. Carbocisteine (100 mg/kg, p.o.) promotes phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by alveolar macrophages in BALB/c mice[3].. Carbocisteine (125-250 mg/kg/d, gavage, once a week for 3 weeks) protects against emphysema induced by cigarette smoke extract in rats[6]. Carbocisteine (500 mg/kg/day, p.o., in two divided doses, 2 days) inhibits oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in acetic acid-induced UC by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay in rats[7]. Carbocisteine (112.5-225 mg/kg/d, gavage, 12 weeks) inhibits the expression of Muc5b in COPD mouse model[8]. Carbocisteine (300 mg/kg, i.g., once every day for the last 6 weeks) ameliorates steroid resistance in rat COPD model[9]. Carbocisteine (250 mg/kg ×2/day, p.o., 25 days) inhibits the changes in these enzyme (fucosidase, sialidase, fucosyltransferase and sialyltransferase) activities and the expressions of Muc5ac mRNA and protein in the lungin SO2-exposed rats[10]. Carbocysteine (300 mg/kg, p.o., every day both from week 6 to week 12 of smoke exposure) restores steroid sensitivity by targeting histone deacetylase 2 in a thiol/GSH-dependent manner in rats[11].

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References：

[1]. Paola Rogliani, et al. Efficacy and safety profile of mucolytic/antioxidant agents in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a comparative analysis across erdosteine, carbocysteine, and N-acetylcysteine. Respir Res. 2019 May 27;20(1):104.  [Content Brief]

[2]. Yageta Y, et al. Carbocisteine reduces virus-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2014 May;50(5):963-73.  [Content Brief]

[3]. Inoue M, et al. Carbocisteine promotes phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by alveolar macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 Feb 29;677(1-3):173-9.  [Content Brief]

[4]. Wang W, et al. Carbocisteine attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced inflammatory injury in A549 cells via NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015 Feb;24(2):306-313.  [Content Brief]

[5]. Yamaya M, et al. Inhibitory effects of carbocisteine on type A seasonal influenza virus infection in human airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2010 Aug;299(2):L160-8.  [Content Brief]

[6]. Hanaoka M, et al. Carbocisteine protects against emphysema induced by cigarette smoke extract in rats. Chest. 2011 May;139(5):1101-1108.  [Content Brief]

[7]. Abdelhamid AM, et al. Carbocisteine as a Modulator of Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB Interplay in Rats: New Inspiration for the Revival of an Old Drug for Treating Ulcerative Colitis. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 8;13:887233.  [Content Brief]

[8]. Song Y, et al. Carbocisteine inhibits the expression of Muc5b in COPD mouse model. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019 Sep 16;13:3259-3268.  [Content Brief]

[9]. Song Y, et al. A mucoactive drug carbocisteine ameliorates steroid resistance in rat COPD model. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Aug;39:38-47.  [Content Brief]

[10]. Ishibashi Y, et al. Effects of carbocisteine on altered activities of glycosidase and glycosyltransferase and expression of Muc5ac in SO2-exposed rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Mar 8;487(1-3):7-15.  [Content Brief]

[11]. Song Y, et al. Carbocysteine restores steroid sensitivity by targeting histone deacetylase 2 in a thiol/GSH-dependent manner. Pharmacol Res. 2015 Jan;91:88-98.  [Content Brief]

[12]. Yoshida M, et al. Carbocisteine inhibits oxidant-induced apoptosis in cultured human airway epithelial cells. Respirology. 2009 Sep;14(7):1027-34.  [Content Brief]

[13]. Wang W, et al. Carbocisteine attenuates TNF-α-induced inflammation in human alveolar epithelial cells in vitro through suppressing NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016 May;37(5):629-36.  [Content Brief]