Senzime AB Uppsala

NMT Monitoring Services

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Residual Neuromuscular Blockade – the need for quantitative monitoring. Residual neuromuscular block is perhaps most accurately defined as the presence of signs or symptoms of muscle weakness in the postoperative period after the intraoperative administration of an NMBD. Muscle relaxants have revolutionized anesthesiology, and are routinely used to: improve intubating conditions, decrease the risk of patients´laryngeal and vocal cord trauma, optimize surgical conditions, facilitate mechanical ventilation

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Incomplete recovery from paralysis at the time of extubation is a patient safety risk. 

Every year millions of patients are affected by postoperative respiratory complications. In US alone, more than 100.000 patients annually are at risk of adverse events associated with undetected residual neuromuscular blockade. Clinical studies show that residual neuromuscular block at the end of anesthesia increases the incidence of critical respiratory events. The currently accepted definition for “adequate recovery” from neuromuscular block is the return of the train-of-four (TOF) ratio to, or above 0.9 (90%). It has been shown that this level of recovery restores the most of the functional integrity of the muscles involved in airway protection, but even at this level of recovery, the normal response to hypercarbia (carbon dioxide retention) is blunted. The basic principle for preventing residual neuromuscular block is quantitative neuromuscular monitoring.

When NMT monitoring is absent, inadequate, or inaccurate, there is an increased risk of:

  • pulmonary aspiration
  • airway obstruction
  • adverse respiratory events (hypoxia, atelectatis, pneumonia, etc)
  • pharyngeal dysfunction
  • prolonged post anesthesia stays
  • unpleasant postoperative symptoms including muscle weakness

Monitoring the effects of neuromuscular blocking drugs ensures their appropriate intra-operative use and helps prevent residual neuromuscular weakness.