Physiological Processes Articles & Analysis: Older
29 articles found
These receptors play a crucial role in transmitting signals across cell membranes, significantly influencing numerous physiological processes. Consequently, GPCRs have become a central focus in pharmaceutical research, serving as a target for a substantial percentage of modern therapeutic drugs. ...
Cytokines are a diverse group of small protein molecules that play crucial roles in the immune system and various biological processes. They are synthesized and secreted by a range of immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, as well as certain non-immune cells like endothelial cells, epidermal cells, and fibroblasts. ...
Their significance extends beyond mere structural support; they actively contribute to various physiological processes. One of the primary functions of SMECs is the regulation of blood flow to skeletal muscles. ...
While proteins, composed of longer chains, execute complex and diverse roles in biological systems, peptides often function as hormones, neurotransmitters, or enzymes, regulating various physiological processes. Synthetic peptides are engineered in laboratories to replicate specific sequences found in their natural counterparts or to create novel sequences with ...
Anorexia, a condition characterized by a significant reduction in food intake despite negative energy balance, poses severe risks to health and quality of life. It manifests in various forms in humans, including anorexia nervosa and physiological anorexia. While psychological and social factors have been widely studied, the physiological causes remain less understood. For ground squirrels, ...
Therefore, the detection of sialic acid proteins holds significant value in disease diagnosis, biomedical research and drug development.Biological Importance of Sialic Acid ProteinsSialic acid proteins play an indispensable role in many physiological and pathological processes. Under normal conditions, they participate in intercellular communication, regulation ...
Elastase is a powerful enzyme that plays a critical role in various biological processes, both in physiological and pathological contexts. It belongs to the family of serine proteases, which are enzymes characterized by a unique serine residue in their active site. ...
At the same time, with high-throughput sequencing technology, protein interaction relationships can be explored at the whole genome level.ApplicationsPPI-Seq is instrumental in elucidating various biological processes within cells, such as signal transduction, gene regulation, and material transport. By studying the protein interaction network, it reveals the molecular mechanisms ...
Post-translational modification (PTM) refers to the biochemical process where specific amino acid residues of a protein are chemically modified after its translation. These chemical modifications greatly expand the functional diversity of proteins, enabling them to participate in more cellular physiological processes. The following are some ...
Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification process that involves the covalent linkage of the small protein ubiquitin to lysine residues of a target protein, a modification that plays a crucial role in the regulation of protein degradation, signal transduction, cell cycle control, and more. ...
Introduction Cellular mechanisms driving cell death play a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes. One such mechanism is apoptosis, a tightly regulated process vital for maintaining tissue homeostasis, development, and immune response. ...
Their continuous study promises to provide insight into multiple physiological processes and guide therapeutics development, making functional peptides indispensable units of life's complex ...
In the realm of biological sciences, bile acids stand as pivotal molecules, playing a multifaceted role in various physiological processes within organisms. Bile acids are specialized molecules synthesized from cholesterol within the liver. ...
However, our efforts to leverage this physiological process to enable breakthroughs in disease treatment, gene therapy, and biological research have been confronted with many complications, leading to an increased demand for the custom synthesis of mRNA. ...
Researchers state that enoblituzumab, as a new treatment approach, primarily works by relieving the inhibition of the immune system's recognition and elimination of cancer cells by B7-H3. It triggers the physiological process of antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC), activating cytotoxic immune cells such as macrophages and natural killer cells to eliminate ...
Once isolated, the ubiquitin-tagged target protein is recognized and degraded by the proteasome. By relying on the physiological process of ubiquitination-degradation proteins existing in the human body, PROTAC molecules can efficiently and specifically catalyze the degradation of pathogenic proteins, so as to achieve the purpose of treating diseases. ...
Studies have shown that lncRNAs are quite complex in function and play an important role in various biological processes such as development, differentiation, proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, stem cell pluripotency, and DNA damage. ...
In addition, mitochondria are involved in important physiological processes such as tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation, and regulation of calcium ion homeostasis. ...
The press release states that her pioneering work assisted the process of basic drug discovery associated with diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and bacterial infections. ...
As a key enzyme in the metabolism of major short-chain alcohols in organisms, it plays an important role in many physiological processes. It is a broad-specific zinc-containing metalloenzyme. ...