John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. articles

Over the past quarter century, petroleum biomarkers persisted in sequestered Exxon Valdez oil in Prince William Sound and the Gulf of Alaska, hence the oil remained identifiable. These biomarkers are molecular fossils derived from biochemicals in previously living organisms. Novel pattern matching indicated the presence of Alaska North Slope crude oil (ANSCO) over the entire observation period at most sites (7 of 9) and distinguished this source from several other potential sources. The prese

The effects of TBT on mortality and reproduction were studied in this invasive snail. The nominal fifty percent lethal concentration (LC50) was 9 µg TBT/L, after 28 days. The nominal ‘no observed effect on lethality concentration’ (NOECL) was 6 µg TBT/L after the same period. Male‐female couples and females that had been group‐mated but were isolated from males during the experiment (isolated females) were exposed (28 d) to either 0 or 6 µg/L of TBT (nominal NOECL‐exposed).

Arsenic, a natural element of ecological relevance, is found in natural water sources throughout Argentina in concentrations between 0.01 and 15 mg/L. The autochthonous toad Rhinella arenarum was selected to study the acute toxicity of As and the biochemical responses elicited by the exposure to As in water during its embryonic development. The LC50 value averaged 24.3 mg/L As and remained constant along the embryonic development. However, As toxicity drastically decreased when embryos we

The sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) is able to withstand a wide range of salinities. Salinity acclimation involves physiological and biochemical changes, which may influence how organisms then respond to a stressor. The present study investigated effects of salinity acclimation on subsequent Cu toxicity. In experiment 1, fish were acclimated to a hyposmotic, isosmotic, or hyperosmotic salinity for 14 d and then exposed at these salinities to 16.6 µM Cu2+ for 12 h. Survival differe

This study assessed the effects of 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD), 2,3,4,7,8‐pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF), and 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) on the incidence of jaw lesions and on hepatic cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) endpoints in mink (Mustela vison). Adult female mink were assigned randomly to one of 13 dietary treatments (control and four increasing doses of TCDD, PeCDF, or TCDF) and provided spiked feed for approximately 150 d (60 d prior to breeding through weani