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MedChemExpress - Model 4-Hydroxyisoleucine - 781658-23-9

4-Hydroxyisoleucine is an orally active amino acid that can be isolated from fenugreek seeds. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine displays insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties[1].

4-Hydroxyisoleucine

MCE China：4-Hydroxyisoleucine

Brand：MedChemExpress (MCE)

Cat. No.HY-N6858

CAS：781658-23-9

Synonyms：4-Hydroxy-L-isoleucine

Purity：98.0%

Storage：Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month

Shipping：Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Description：4-Hydroxyisoleucine is an orally active amino acid that can be isolated from fenugreek seeds. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine displays insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties.

In Vitro：4-Hydroxyisoleucine (20 μM, 6 h) decreases the level of iRhom2, TACE, TNF-α and MCP-1 in RAW264.7 macrophages and 3 T3-L1 adipocytes with LPS (HY-D1056) induction[2]. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (20 μM, 6 h) increases the product of M1 macrophage IL-6 and decreases the product of M2 macrophage IL-10 in the co-culture system with LPS (HY-D1056) stimulation[2]. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (0-25 μM, 16 h) increases glucose uptake and surface GLUT4myc level in L6-GLUT4myc myotubes in a concentration-dependent manner[3]. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (0-25 μM, 16 h) stimulates GLUT4myc translocation via PI-3-K/AKT-dependent mechanisms in L6-GLUT4myc myotubes[3].

In Vivo：4-Hydroxyisoleucine (50 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 8 weeks) inhibits the increase in serum glucose in the fructose-fed rat model of metabolic syndrome[1]. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (200 mg/kg, p.o., 8 weeks) improves dyslipidemia and reduces lipid ectopic accumulation in C57BL/6 mice[4]. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (200 mg/kg, p.o., 8 weeks) decreases the expression of proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, PAI-1, IL-1β, NF-κB, TNF-α, and MCP-1) and the proportion of proinflammatory M1 macrophages in C57BL/6 mice[4]. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (50 mg/kg, i.g., daily, 14 days) restores high levels of lipids (cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides) and uric acid in type 1 diabetic rat to that of nondiabetic controls level[5].

References：

[1]. Haeri MR, et al. The effect of fenugreek 4-hydroxyisoleucine on liver function biomarkers and glucose in diabetic and fructose-fed rats. Phytother Res. 2009 Jan;23(1):61-4. [Content Brief]

[2]. Zhou C, et al. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine relieves inflammation through iRhom2-dependent pathway in co-cultured macrophages and adipocytes with LPS stimulation. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 Dec 9;20(1):373. [Content Brief]

[3]. Jaiswal N, et al. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine stimulates glucose uptake by increasing surface GLUT4 level in skeletal muscle cells via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-dependent pathway. Eur J Nutr. 2012 Oct;51(7):893-8. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yang J, et al. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine Alleviates Macrophage-Related Chronic Inflammation and Metabolic Syndrome in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jan 21;11:606514. [Content Brief]

[5]. Haeri MR, et al. Non-insulin dependent anti-diabetic activity of (2S, 3R, 4S) 4-hydroxyisoleucine of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats. Phytomedicine. 2012 May 15;19(7):571-4. [Content Brief]

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