MedChemExpress LLC (MCE)

MedChemExpress - Model 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid - 816-66-0

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid) is a metabolite of L-leucine and is involved in energy metabolism. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid increases endoplasmic reticulum stress, promotes lipid accumulation in preadipocytes and insulin resistance by impairing mTOR and autophagy signaling pathways. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid also causes oxidative damage, leading to cognitive deficits, inhibits α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, acts as an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler and metabolic inhibitor. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid acts as a nutrient signal and stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid can be used in the study of maple syrup urine disease[1][2][3][4][5].

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid

MCE China：4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid

Brand：MedChemExpress (MCE)

Cat. No.HY-W012722

CAS：816-66-0

Synonyms：α-Ketoisocaproic acid

Purity：98.49%

Storage：4°C, protect from light *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Shipping：Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Description：4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid) is a metabolite of L-leucine and is involved in energy metabolism. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid increases endoplasmic reticulum stress, promotes lipid accumulation in preadipocytes and insulin resistance by impairing mTOR and autophagy signaling pathways. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid also causes oxidative damage, leading to cognitive deficits, inhibits α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, acts as an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler and metabolic inhibitor. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid acts as a nutrient signal and stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid can be used in the study of maple syrup urine disease.

In Vitro：4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (0-300 μM; 2 d) promotes lipid accumulation and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes[2].

In Vivo：4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (4 mol/L; ICV; 1 h and 15 d) causes impairment of habitual memory and long-term memory in rats[3]. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (400 μmol/kg/h; carotid arch injection; single dose injection 60 min) increases porcine skeletal muscle protein synthesis and plasma leucine levels[4].

IC50 & Target：Human Endogenous Metabolite

References：

[1]. Yudkoff M, et al. Brain amino acid requirements and toxicity: the example of leucine. J Nutr. 2005 Jun;135(6 Suppl):1531S-8S. [Content Brief]

[2]. Park, et al. α-ketoisocaproic acid promotes ER stress through impairment of autophagy, thereby provoking lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in murine preadipocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 603 (2022): 109-115. [Content Brief]

[3]. Taschetto, et al. Acute and long-term effects of intracerebroventricular administration of α-ketoisocaproic acid on oxidative stress parameters and cognitive and noncognitive behaviors. Metabolic brain disease 32 (2017): 1507-1518. [Content Brief]

[4]. Escobar, et al. Leucine and α-ketoisocaproic acid, but not norleucine, stimulate skeletal muscle protein synthesis in neonatal pigs. The Journal of nutrition 140.8 (2010): 1418-1424. [Content Brief]

[5]. Amaral, et al. α-Ketoisocaproic acid and leucine provoke mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction in rat brain. Brain research 1324 (2010): 75-84. [Content Brief]

Brand introduction:
•   MCE (MedChemExpress) has a global exclusive compound library of more than 200 kinds, and we are committed to providing the most comprehensive range of high-quality small molecule active compounds for scientific research customers around the world；
•   More than 50,000 highly selective inhibitors and agonists are involved in various popular signaling pathways and disease areas；
•   The products cover a variety of recombinant proteins, peptides, commonly used kits, more PROTAC, ADC and other characteristic products, widely used in new drug research and development, life science and other scientific research projects；
•   Provide virtual screening, ion channel screening, metabolomics analysis detection analysis, drug screening and other professional technical services；
•   It has a professional experimental center and strict quality control and verification system；
•   Provide LC/MS, NMR, HPLC, chiral analysis, elemental analysis and other quality inspection reports to ensure the high purity and high quality of products；
•   The biological activity of the products has been verified by the experiments of customers in various countries；
•   A variety of top journals such as Nature, Cell, Science and pharmaceutical patents have included the scientific research results of MCE customers；
•   Our professional team tracks the latest pharmaceutical and life science research and provides you with the latest active compounds in the world；
•   It has established long-term cooperation with the world's major pharmaceutical companies and well-known scientific research institutions。