Model LT1001 - Post-Operative Pain Analgesic Injection

The WHO estimated that 313 million surgeries are performed each year, and a considerable proportion of patients experience undesirable levels of postoperative pain. A poorly controlled postoperative pain may delay recovery time and the patients may suffer chronic pain that may impair their quality-of-life, causing prolonged duration of opioid use, and higher health-care costs. A US survey showed that 80% of the patients who underwent surgeries experience poorly managed postoperative pain. Opioids (such as morphine, oxycodone and fentanyl) are the mainstay analgesia for postoperative pain but often associated with side effects such as pruritus, urinary retention, constipation, and respiratory depression, as well as risks of substance abuse. Opioid-involved deaths in the US was 49,860 in 2019 which raised the general public’s concern regarding this issue.