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14 articles found
Human astrocytes-cerebellar (HA-c) represent a significant advancement in the field of neurobiology, particularly in understanding cerebral development, functionality, and pathology. Astrocytes, the star-shaped glial cells in the brain, play crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis, supporting neuronal function, and responding to injury. The cerebellum, responsible for motor control and cognitive ...
Anti-Tumor APIs: Pioneering Cancer Treatment Anti-tumor Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) are vital in today's medical landscape, addressing one of the most pressing health challenges: cancer. These APIs form the foundation of various therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting or destroying tumor cells in the human body. The classification of anti-tumor APIs often falls into four main ...
In the rapidly evolving world of biotechnology, synthetic peptides have emerged as a pivotal component with wide-ranging applications in medical research, diagnostics, and therapeutic developments. These lab-created sequences of amino acids mimic naturally occurring peptides and are instrumental in advancing scientific discoveries and pharmaceutical innovations. This article delves into the ...
The breakthroughs achieved within the scientific world continue to baffle the layman. We owe a significant chunk of these advancements to the realm of biochemistry, specifically amino acid products, peptide products, and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomers. Together, these components contribute significantly to understanding the stupefying wonders of life down to our very cells If we consider ...
Despite international treaties, the use of chemical weapons remains a concern nowadays. Organophosphorus-nerve agents (OPs) act by inhibiting cholinesterases (ChE), preventing the degradation of some neurotransmitters. Their excessive accumulation can impair neuronal transmission, leading to cholinergic syndrome, which can cause symptoms such as respiratory failure and, in severe cases, death. ...
Focal Molography, a Guide Inside Cellular Pathways There are billions of cells in our bodies, each with their own characteristics and functions. To function together, cells need to communicate; during the evolution of multi-cellular organisms, cells have developed communication systems of exceptional complexity. These systems govern every level of communication, and together they dictate cell ...
For the first time, scientists have elucidated the structure of GABA transporter 1 (GAT-1) using cryo-electron microscopy. The discovery could lead to better new treatments for neurological disorders such as anxiety, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. In determining the structure of this transporter, one of the smallest proteins ever made, researchers have opened ...
Gut microbes are considered "virtual organs" that influence host health and are involved in disease research. The human gut microbiota has a large gene pool, encoding approximately 100-150 times more genes than the human genome, and contains a rich resource of enzymes with the ability to metabolize drugs. The diversity of gut bacteria also affects the mental health of the host. Microbiomes from ...
Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease are both neurological diseases that cause progressive damage to the brain, resulting in a decline in neurocognitive function. While Parkinson’s disease is known for affecting movement and function and Alzheimer’s disease is known for affecting cognition, they are a bit more complex than that. Below, we provide an overview of ...
Key points The vagus nerve controls many unconscious processes in the body The vagus neural network interfaces with inflammatory, mood and pain regulation. This can be utilised for its neuromodulatory effect in activating restorative pathways. The vagus nerve has been called the ‘great wandering protector’ of the body, it’s made up of an intricate neural network that ...
Disambiguation The process of stimulating the Vagus Nerve with micropulses of electrical current is referred to in a number of different ways. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) - Typically refers to stimulation of the nerve with a surgically implanted device and electrode. Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS, taVNS, nVNS, LLTS) - Refers to stimulation of the vagus nerve without ...
Increased use of antidepressants has led to an increase in their detection in final treated wastewater effluents and receiving streams. Antidepressants are intended to modify human behavior by altering brain chemistry, and due to the high functional conservation of the receptor targets of antidepressant target receptors in vertebrates, aquatic organisms may be at risk. The antidepressant ...
The effects of antidepressants on wildlife are currently raising some concern due to an increased number of publications indicating biological effects at environmentally relevant concentrations (<100ng/L). These results have been met with some scepticism due to the higher concentrations required to detect effects in some species and the perceived slowness to therapeutic effects recorded in ...
The potential neurotoxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is still a great concern. In the present study, we investigated whether exposure to PBDEs could affect the neurotransmitter system and cause developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafish. Two hours post fertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of the PBDE mixture DE‐71 (0‐100 µg/L). The ...