Vascular Endothelial Articles & Analysis
21 articles found
ENPP2 Catalytic Features (Structured Summary) Feature Description Functional Implication Phosphodiesterase Domain Hydrolyzes LPC to LPA Generates bioactive lipid signals Somatomedin B-like Domains Bind integrins/ECM Localizes enzyme activity to specific microenvironments Substrate Specificity Preference for LPC acyl chain length Determines LPA species and downstream receptor activation ...
This streamlined approach is essential in identifying dysregulated growth factor signaling in diseases like cancer or fibrosis. For example, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are commonly monitored in angiogenesis research, while transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) can indicate fibrotic or tumorigenic activity. ...
They are synthesized and secreted by a range of immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, as well as certain non-immune cells like endothelial cells, epidermal cells, and fibroblasts. Cytokines are produced in response to various stimuli and are essential for regulating both innate and adaptive immunity, hematopoiesis (the ...
Skeletal muscle microvascular endothelial cells (SMECs) play an essential role in maintaining muscle function, metabolism, and overall health. ...
MMPs are secreted by pro-inflammatory cells and uteroplacental cells, including fibroblasts, osteoblasts, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle, macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and cytotrophoblasts. ...
Flow cytometry has been used to assess drug-induced vascular damage (cell death and circulating endothelial cell test), and to measure changes in T/DC cell activation or protein expression levels on specific cell subsets. ...
Cytokines, small molecules with potent biological activity, are primarily synthesized by immune and non-immune cells (e.g., vascular endothelial cells, epidermal cells, fibroblasts) in response to stimulation. ...
Promote angiogenesis and increase local blood supply Hair follicle growth relies on the vascular network of the hair papilla to supply nutrients. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a marker of angiogenesis. ...
They facilitate adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells, enabling leukocyte extravasation into tissues during inflammation. NCAM (Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule): NCAM is crucial for neural development and plays a role in axon guidance, synapse formation, and neural plasticity. VCAM (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule): VCAMs are involved in mediating the ...
As the tumor continues to grow, nearby blood vessels also undergo rapid and chaotic growth, with these newly formed capillaries appearing disorganized, much like the tumor itself. About VEGF Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a highly biologically active functional glycoprotein. It is a specific and potent mitogen for endothelial ...
A subpopulation of cluster 5, a cluster containing vascular cells, was assigned as arterial vascular smooth muscle cells and, accordingly, might line a thin layer of blood vessel, which could not be resolved at a lower spatial resolution (Fig. 3h, Extended Data Fig. 8b and Supplementary Fig. 9). ...
Ceramide and Cardiovascular Diseases Elevated ceramide concentrations can lead to apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells and regulate platelet activation and coagulation, leading to thrombosis. ...
Pembrolizumab is a class of immunotherapy drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), while ramucirumab is a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitor, a class of drugs that block the enzyme drug. ...
The corresponding author of this article is Harvard Medical School Investigator Mark Cobbold, whose team focuses on the development of new immunotherapies, having previously investigated the combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitors in liver cancer, among other things. ...
Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Interleukin-1 (IL-1) IL-1 is a proinflammatory cytokine that activates a variety of immune and inflammatory cells and is secreted mainly by monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils and endothelial cells. IL-1 consists of two genetically encoded peptide molecules, IL-1α and IL-1β, both with a molecular mass of about 17 ku, the former being secreted, ...
Sphingolipids play important roles in various life processes, including tumor evolution, the development of multi-drug resistance in tumor cells, vascular endothelial cell signaling, atherosclerosis formation, regulating the development and lifespan of organisms, as well as viral and bacterial infections. ...
Organ-specific or tissue-specific transcriptomic features of common cardiovascular cell types like endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and fibroblasts can be evaluated using these datasets, shedding light on the functional heterogeneity of ubiquitously present cell types that underpin their organ-specific roles. ...
Growth factor (GF) is a group of cytokines that promote the growth and differentiation of corresponding cells, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), etc. ...
Native endothelium consists of a monolayer of endothelial cells that adhere to the underlying nanofibrillar basement membrane and modulate vascular tone by release of soluble factors, such as nitric oxide (NO). ...
Lymphatic vessels play an important role in the regulation of tissue fluid balance, immune responses, and fat adsorption and are involved in diseases including lymphedema and tumor metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) is necessary for development of the blood vasculature during early embryogenesis, but later, VEGFR-3 ...