Stemcell - Model IL-2 (CHO-expressed) - Human Recombinant
Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a monomeric cytokine that was originally identified as a T cell growth factor (Gaffen & Liu). It binds to heterotrimeric receptors consisting of CD25, CD122, and CD132. Upon binding, it activates JAK3-, STAT5-, and AKT-dependent signaling pathways, which results in cellular proliferation and survival (Ma et al.). The majority of IL-2 is secreted by activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, although B cells and dendritic cells were found to produce IL-2 in small amounts. IL-2 downregulates immune responses to prevent autoimmunity during thymic development, influences the development of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, and affects development of follicular helper T cells.
IL-2 also controls inflammation by inhibiting Th17 differentiation (Banchereau et al.). High IL-2 levels in serum are associated with progression of scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, and gastric and non-small cell lung cancer, though no known disease can be directly attributed to the lack or excess of IL-2 (Gaffen & Liu).
- Subtype Cytokines
- Alternative Names Aldesleukin, Interleukin-2, T cell growth factor, TCGF
- Cell Type Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells, NK Cells, T Cells, T Cells, CD4+, T Cells, CD8+
- Species Human
- Area of Interest Immunology, Stem Cell Biology
- Molecular Weight 15.3 kDa
- Purity ≥ 95%