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Chlorination Articles & Analysis
21 articles found
UV applications in microelectronics includes UV disinfection, TOC reduction, chlorine & chloramines reduction and ozone reduction. As critical dimensions for integrated circuits continue to decrease, transistor capacities continue to increase, line widths become tighter, contaminants in the ppb levels can produce yield-impacting defects. ...
Chlorine is a strong oxidant that under normal conditions and in its pure state forms dichlorine, a yellow-greenish toxic gas formed by diatomic molecules (Cl2) about 2.5 times heavier than air, with an unpleasant and toxic odor. ...
Noroviruses have an increased resistance to high chlorine concentrations, heat, cold, acid pH and organic solvents and can persist on surfaces for weeks. ...
First, I hope your family, neighbors, and friends are all healthy and safe. The purpose of this article is not to sell you anything. It is to allow you to understand the importance of disinfection before and after the vaccines are incomplete implementation. Let’s start with why we believe that everyone needs to be diligent, even though there is a vaccine. Remember the Severe Acute ...
Cause of the Disease Infectious pancreatic necrosis (also known as Acute catarrhal enteritis) is one of the first described and most extensively studied diseases of fish. There are strains and substrains of IPN virus that can be differentiated by serological, biochemical and genetic means. The VR-299 (type 1) strain was originally isolated in North America and has since been found almost ...
Solvents such as mineral spirits, acetone, alcohols, paint strippers, disinfectants, chlorinated cleaners, sanitizers, on and on and on. Some people are even allergic to the odorants put in cleaners—lemon scent, lilac scent! ...
Drinking a glass of water? The chlorine in it could cause a reaction. Even small amounts of offensive chemicals or fumes may start an adverse reaction, which can last long after the end of the exposure. ...
The disadvantage of chlorine used in this format is the conditions needed to store and move it. ...
Certain levels of some water contaminants such as lead, nitrate and chlorination by-products pose a serious threat to the wellbeing of unborn babies even at low levels that aren’t harmful to older children. ...
Thus, there is the need to produce experimental data on the disinfection kinetics of HEV by chlorine in water samples with diverse levels of fecal contamination. Here, the inactivation of HEV and human adenovirus C serotype 2 (HAdV2), used as a reference virus, was monitored using immunofluorescence and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) ...
The physiological differences of individual cells of bacterial population may imply the existence of cell subpopulations with different sensitivity to chlorine, which may affect the efficiency of drinking water disinfection. The susceptibility of individual bacterial cells to chlorine was examined using flow cytometry. The inactivation of Escherichia coli cells ...
The municipal supply is also chlorinated. The company needed multi megaohm-cm quality water with a microbiologicol requirement for its production process. ...
ByGrundfos
The present study assessed associations between immune function, prefledgling survival, and selected organ chlorine compounds and metals in herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and black‐crowned night herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) in lower New York Harbor during 2003. ...
At the RBF sites in Haridwar and Patna, there was only minimal breakthrough of coliforms during monsoon floods, for which disinfection using conventional chlorination was sufficient. ...
Minor structural changes of DDT analogs in the number and position of chlorine and phenolic hydroxyl moiety cause differences in binding modes through aromatic stacking and hydrogen bonding and thus differently affect conformational changes of ER α LBD and ERR γ LBD. ...
The SWS includes: 1) water treatment with chlorine solution at the point-of-use; 2) storage of water in a safe container; and, 3) behavior change communication. ...
In this study, we investigated the use of ultrasound for the disinfection of process water as an alternative for more traditional techniques, like chlorination and UV-irradiation. A pilot plant was constructed to mimic circulating process water in industrial environments. The disinfection efficiency of ultrasound was assessed and compared to UV-treatment and ...
Their development was by chance, during a search for possible uses of a by-product of synthetic rubber manufacturing. By chlorinating this by-product, persistent and potent insecticides were easily and cheaply produced. The chlorines, 7 in the case of heptachlor and 8 in trans-chlordane, oxychlordane, aldrin, and dieldrin, surround and stabilize the cyclodiene ...
Visible light-operated glucose-O2 biofuel cell consisting of chlorin-e6 metal complexes (MChl?e6, M = H2 and Zn) adsorbed on TiO2 coated onto Optical Transparent conductive glass Electrode (OTE) as an anode, platinum electrode as a cathode, and the solution containing glucose, Glucose Dehydrogenase and NAD+ as a fuel is studied. ...
Although there are 210 congeners of PCDD/PCDF, only the 17 which have chlorine substitution in at least all of the 2,3,7,8 positions are of concern, owing to their toxicity, stability and persistence in the environment. ...